Computing machine



Sept. 27, 1938. w. A. ANDERSON COMPUTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 22, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet l P 1938- w. A. ANDERSON 2,131,361

COMPUTING' MACHINE Filed Dec. 22, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 FUSITION AFTEQ A RJSTTIVE TOTAL HAS BEEN CONVEQTED INTO A CQEDIT BALANCE.

Sept. 27, 1938. w. A. ANDERSON COMPUTING MACHINE Filed Dec. 22, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 I n 9%? W 64/722250 7 g z 5:

Sept. 27, 1938. w. A. ANDERSON COMPUTING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 22, 1952 PINON OF H [CHEST .-PatentedSept.27,l938

UNITED STATES COMPUTING MACHINE Walter A. Mellon, Rockford, 111., assignor, by

memo alignments, to Underwood Elliott Fisher Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware December 22, 1932, Serial No. 648,347

I .10 Claims. Application Serial No. 236,575, flied November 29, 1927 by Oscar J. Sundstrand, and application Serial No. 434,085, filed by me on March 7, 1930 (now Patents Nos. 1,946,505 and 1,975,774, re-

' spectively) disclose a computing machine having twototaliners, eachoiwhichmaybeusedto'add and subtract. Only one oi. these totaiizers, however, is provided with means tor automatically introducing the iugative unit and with means whereby said totalizer is automatically conditioned for the taking of a credit balance or negative total.

The present invention has for its object the provision or means whereby both totalizers shall be adapted to give the correct result when the amount is a negative one and whereby both of the totalisers shall be automatically conditioned for the taking of credit balances when they contain such mounts.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a fragmental side elevation of a machine embodying the i'eatures of my invention, the machine being shown at rest or in the initial position, the upper totalizer being idle. Fig. 1' is a iragmental view illustrating a looking means for the totalizer-selecting lever.

Fig. 1 is a Iragmental perspective view of a means for controlling the spring "I.

Hg. 2 is a Iraginentalview showing the units so order for the computing mechanism in side ele-' vation.

Fig. 3 is a tragmental right-hand side elevation showing a portion of the means for automatically conditioning the totallaers tor the tak mg oi'credit totals.

Fig. 4 is a iragmental perspective view looking from the rear of the machine, as indicated by the line .l-l of Fig. 3.

Fig.5 is a fragmental left-hand side elevation of the machine with the totaliaer-selecting lever 294 in its middle or two-totalizer position.

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are detail views or certain parts shown in Fig. 5. Y F Fig, 9 illustrates and explains a specimen of work done on} the machine.

Fig. 10 is a fragmental right-hand side elevation showing principally the means for engaging and disengaging the totalizers and the racks in item-entering and total-taking operations,

Fig. 10* is a detail view of a lever shown in Fig. 10. v

Fig. 11 is a detail view of a means for controlling the upward movement of the type bars. Hg.12isairagmentalviewotameans for positioning the totalizers for addition or subtraction.

Fig. 13 is a iragmental perspective view illustrating the means for automatically introducing the fugitive unit. 5

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of a detent for the device for introducing the fugitive unit into the lower totalizer. v

Fig. 14 is a tragmental sectional view illustrating the transfer mechanism for the numerical orders intermediate the units order and the hi hest order.

Fig. 15 is a iragmental rear view illustrating some of the parts shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

Fig. 16 is a horizontal section on line "-16 of Fig. 15.

Fig. 16 is a iragmental plan view.

The invention is herein exemplified in a ma chine of the general character disclosed in the Sundstrand application Serial No. 670,665 filed October 25, 1923 (now Patent No. 1,965,611), the Sundstrand application Serial No. 118,628 filed June 26, 1926 (corresponding to French Patent No. 625,678), the Sundstrandapplications Serial Nos. 236,575 and 355,747, filed November 29, 1927, 25 and April 17, 1929, respectively, and my application Serial No. 434,085, flied March 7, 1930 (now Patents Nos. 1,946,505, 1,946,823 and 1,975,774,

respectively). Reference'may be made to the above-mentioned patents for an understanding of features not fully illustrated or described herein. It should, however, be understood that the present invention is not limited to machines 01 the Sundstrand type.

Printing is eiiected upon paper carried by the platen 2 by means of vertically reciprocatory type bars 3. These type bars raised and lowered by means including two le l9 (Figs. 1 and 5) pivoted at l9. Links 23 are pivoted to the lower ends of the levers l9, the forward ends of said links being pivoted to two crank arms 24 and 25 (Figs. 1 and 5) fixed toopposite ends of a rock shaft 26. This shaitis arranged to be rocked by means of a handle 21 mounted to swing on the axis 28, the handle- 21 being connected to the arm 24 by means which may be of any preierred character, as, for example, that shown in the Sundstrand Patent No. 1,611,390. It will, of course, be understood that an electric motor may 50 beusedtorockthe shaft 26,1fdesired. Whenthe operator pulls the .handle 21 forward, the arms 24 and 25 swing upwardly, thereby drawing the lower ends of the levers I 9 forwardly, the movement 01' said levers being yieldingly transiii) position to engage said pin. In the arm I19 is an elongated opening I16 in which lies a pin I11 fixed to the swinging frame 99. As explained in the Sundstrand Patent No. 1,583,102, as soon as 'a digit is set up in the machine, the frame 99 is forced back, thereby swinging the arm I19 rearwardLv away from the pawl I99 and leaving said pawl in position to engage the pin I19 when the handle 21 is pulled. After a blank or spacing cycle has been performed preliminary to the taking of a total, the frame 99 is in its forward position and the pawl I66 is held out of engagement with the pin I19. Consequently, the cam I6I is not moved during the forward stroke ,of the handle 21 in the total-taking cycle, and the totalizer from which the total is to be taken remains in mesh withthe racks during the rise of the latter, thus eflecting the positioning of the type bars for the printing of the total.

A subtotal key I99 (Fig. 10) is carried by a stem I99. on said stem is a pin ,I9I thatoverlies an arm I92 which is pivoted at I99. Rigid with the arm I92 is an arm I99 to which is pivoted the forward end of a slide I96. The rear end of said slide is guided to move forward and back in the machine frame. The slide I96 com- -prises a lug I99 which lies in front of a pin I99 on the swinging frame 99. A spring I99 actins upon the arm I92 tends to move the slide I99 rearwardly so as to swing the frame 99rearwardly against the tension of the springs 99' to place the detent plate. 99 in position to prevent the type bars from rising. It will be seen that in order to take a subtotal it is necessary to depress the subtotal key I99 so that the springs 99' may be permitted to move the detent plate 99- forward out of the position in which it prevents the type bars from rising.

To hold the subtotal key- I99 depressed I provide a lever I9I (Figs. 10 and 10') which is pivoted on the axis I99, said lever being forked at I92 to receive a pin I99 on the stem of the subtotal'key. The lever I9I extends forward into position to underlie, when depressed, a finger I94 fixed to one end of a pivot shaft I99. On the other end of the shaft 199 is a finger I99 (Fig. 5) which is acted upon by a contractile spring I91. The lower end of the finger I99 normally bears against a roller I19 carried by a slide bar I99 that corresponds to the slide bar 72 of Patent No. 1,198,487. In.the return stroke of the handle the bar I99 is moved forward far enough to release the lever I9I, whereupon the subtotal key I99 is restored to its upper position.

When the operator wishes to take a final total, the totalizer from which the total is to be taken is withdrawn from the racks before the latter descend. The means for swinging the cam III to effect such movement of the totalizer comprises a lever 299 (Fig. 1) pivoted on the shaft 26 and having a cam slot 29I in which lies a roller 292 on the cam I6I. The lever 299 has I an arm 299 which is arranged to be engaged by a pin 299 on the arm 29. The means for swinging the lever 299 forward to disengage the totalizer from the racks is controlled by a total key 299 having a stem 296. On the stem 296 is a lug 299 (Fig. adapted to be engaged by the latch finger I99 to latch the total key down. Also on the stem 299 is an angular lug 291 that overlies the arm I92. The stem 296 also has a stud 299 that underlies the forward end of a lever 299. Said lever has an elongated opening 2I9 through which a pivot rod 2 extends, the lever 299 being thus movable longitudinally to a slight extent. A contractile spring 2I2 tends to slide the lever 299 rearwsu'rlly.v 2I2 is a contractile spring stretched between a pin 2I9 on the total key stem 296 and the front end of the lever 299, said spring tending to move the stud 298' and the lever 299 toward each other. During the printing of an item and during the enforced blank or spacing stroke prior to the taking of a total, the lever 299 is held against movement by the spring 2I9 by means comprising a cam plate 2I9 which'is pivoted adjacent the rear end of the machine at 2I5 and is acted upon by a contractile spring 2I6. 0n the rear end of the lever 299 is a pin 2" underlying the cam plate 2I9. The surface 2I9- of the cam plate 2I9 is arranged to be engaged by a stud 2I9 on the inner side of the right-hand lever I9. The movement of the cam plate 2I4 under the influence of the spring 2I6 is restrained at times by a detent arm 2| 9 pivoted at 229 in the framework of the machine. A contractile spring 22I normally holds the lower edge 2| 9 of the arm 2I9 in contact with the stud 2I9. On the detent arm 2I9 is a pin 222 adapted to engage a hook229 on the cam plate 2| 9. At times the detent arm 2I9 is prevented from moving (under the influence of the spring 22I) into position where the pin 222 is in front of the hook 229, by means of a pin 224 on an arm 226 which is rigid with the arm I19. The upper end of the detent arm 2I9 is cut away so as to clear the pin 224 when the arm I is in its rearward position (as it is when an item has been set up or an enforced blank stroke is to be taken).

A detent plate 226 pivoted on the center 2I5 has a cam slot 221 having a dwell portion 229 in which the stud 2I9 is arranged to run. That portion of the pin 2" which projects from the inner side of the lever 299 underlies the plate .229. In the lower edge of the plate 226 is a notch 229.

It will be remembered that the stud 2I8 is connected to swing back and forth with the handle 21. Even if the total key 296'were held' depressed while the handle was being drawn forward to print an item or take an enforced blank stroke, the lever 299 would be held against movement by the spring 2I9 by the cam plate 2I9 overlying the pin 2I1; the spring M6 in turn being prevented from moving the cam plate 2I9 ,by means of the pin 222. But after the blank stroke has been taken, the swinging frarne'la and consequently the arm 225 are in their forward positions (as shown in Fig. 10) and therefore if the total key 295 be depressed, the cam plate 2I9 is free to swing counterclockwise as the stud 2I9 moves forward, away from. the edge 2I9, in the forward stroke of the handle 21, until the pin 2I1 on the rear end of the lever 299 has risen under the influence of the spring 2I3 until said pin 2" is in a locking notch 299 in the cam plate 2I9. position shown in Fig. 31 of the Sundstrand Patent No. 1,946,505, the handle 21 being at the end The parts are then in the.

of its 10mm stroke, the spring 1m! having pin in whereupon the spring 2|: causes the pin 2|! to enter .the notches 228 and 232, Very shortly after the handle 21 has commenced its return stroke the stud 2", acting on the walls of the cam slot 221, swings the plate 22! amwardlysthus pushing the pin 2" and the lever 2 forwardly. On the lever 2|! is a shoulder 2 (Fig. which moves into place directly behind a pin- 222 on the-lever 2" when the lever 2 is tilted by the spring 2. When the lever 2|! is pushed forward by the plate 226 the shoulder 221 pushes the lever 2 forward, thereby swinging the cam I ll upwardly, and thus pulling forward the slide I44 and thelink |4l or P as the case may be, and consequently moving the totallzer (i'rom which the total has been taken) out of meshawith the racks. As before indicated, this occurs during the early part of the return movement of the handle 21 and before the racks descend, the plnions being therefore left standing; at zero.

4 As the stud 2i! continues on its return stroke, it strikes the edge 2 and swings the plate 2 clockwise against the tension of the spring 2", the lower edge of said plate positively camming the pin 2|! down and thus (in' conjunction with spring 2|2) restoring the lever 229 to its initial or inoperative position. As the arm 24 returns to its initial position, the pin 224 thereon engages -the arm 2" and restores the lever to its initial position, as in Figs. 1 and 10.

The operation of the cam I" which moves.

the totalizer or totalizers into and out of mesh with the racks may be summarized as follows:

Entering an item (additively or subtractively):

Front stroke of handle- Cam III is swung up by pawl Iii. Return stroke of handle- Near beginning of return stroke, cam ii! is swung down by pawl I. A Non-addition:

Front stroke- Cam Iii is swung up by pawl I86. Return stroke- Y Near end of return stroke cam 18! is swung down by pin 2G4, arm 203 and cam 22!.

Taking a subtotal:

Front stroke- Cam iii remains down, pawl I66 being disabled by lug "5. Return stroke--=,

Cam 38! remains down.

Taking a final total:

Front stroke- Cam "I remains down, pawl 166 being disabled by lug I15. Return stroke Near beginning of return stroke, cam Mill is swung up by lever 2208.

Hear end of return stroke, cam IN is swung down by pin 284.

The transfer mechanism for carrying amounts from one numerical order to the next high order is best shown in Figs. 2, l3 and 14. There is a. set of transfer devices for the racks I29 and a duplicate set for the racks lid. At ihe end s1 a cycle the type bars are moved to their normal lower position by the restoring rod 29 (Fi 1),

The extent of downward movement of the tens and higher racks is limited (except in the transfer operation) by contact of lugs 235 (Fig. 14) on the racks with stop lugs 226. when an amount is to be transferred from one order to the next higher order the stop lug 23b for the rack belonging to such higher order is withdrawn, thereby allowing that rack to descend under the action of its spring I34 (Fig. 2) until its lug 235 stops a ainst a cross bar 221 fixed in the machine frame. the rack is just suflicient to turn the pinion for that rack through the distance of one tooth. Each stop-lug 236 is formed on a pawl 238 which is suspended from a pivot 239 in the machine frame. Since both totalizers are never in mesh with the same set of racks at any given time, it is practicable to arrange for the trlpping'of the pawls 232 by either totalizer. This is effected by means including transfer members 240, each having an upper lug 2 adapted to be engaged by lugs 242 on a pinion in the upper totalizer, and a lower lug 2" arranged to be engaged by lugs 242 on a pinion in the lower totallzer. In the present instance, two diametrically opposite The extent of such further descent of lugs 242 are fixed to each pinion because each pinion has twenty teeth.

The lower ends of r the transfer members 240 are mounted to swing upon cross rods 243, and their upper ends have elongated openings 244 to receive headed studs 245 carried by the pawls 232. Individual springs 246 tend to pull the transfer members 240 in the direction to with- .draw the stop lug 238 from under the lug 225.

The spring 246 is normally restrained by reason of engagement of a shoulder 24'! on the transfer member 240 with the bar 231. The transfer members 240 are held against lateral displacement by reason of the fact thatthey lie in slots 22! for the next higher rack, thereby depressing the transfer member 240 until the shoulder 24? is clear of the bar 231, whereupon the spring 246, assisted by the downward pressure of said next higher rack, pulls the transfer member 240 and the pawl 238 away from the last-mentioned rackuntil the transfer member 24! stops against a restoring rod 248. The lug 234 is then out of of said rack of next higher order, and the latter therefore moves down one tooth-space under the influence of its spring I34, the rack stopped by the bar 231.

After each transfer operation the pawl 238 and the transfer member 240 are restored to their normal position by the rod 249, there being one such restoring rod for each of the sets of transfer mechanisms. Each rod 249 is carried by two bell crank levers 250, one at each side of the set of racks, these levers being pivoted in the framework of the machine on the axis 239. The bell crank levers at each side of the machine are connected for simultaneous swinging movement by a pin-and-slot connection, as shown at 25[ in Fig. 2. The restoring rods 249 are simultaneously moved toward each other by means fully described in Patent No. 1,965,611, to restore any operation, the racks do no begin to rise until the studs I 52 engage the upper ends of the elongated openings I55. Those racks, however, which have descended below the normal position in order to effect transfers, rise practically simultaneously with the type bars and thus are lifted before the stop lugs 255 are restored to normal position by the rods 249. So also the movement imparted to the type bars during the enforced stop lugs 255 thereunder.

It may be here stated that when any pinion stands at zero. one of the lugs 242 on said pinion lies directly beneath one of the lugs 2 (see Fig. 14) Therefore, when a total is to be printed, those racks which mesh with pinions that stand at zerocannot rise, the remaining racks rising until the rotation of their pinions brings the lugs 242 thereon into contact with their respective lugs 2. The type bars are then in position to print the total amount accumulated on the totalizer.

It will be noted that thetransfer members 245 are arranged for pivotal movement on the axis of the rods 245, and are arranged for downward movement to disengage the shoulder 241 from the cross bar 22.1. Each rod 245 is located relatively close to the vertical planes of the pinion shafts so that the pivotal movement imparted to the transfer member 245 by the spring 245 shall carry the lower lug 24I away from the adjacent pinion without any rising movement of said lug 24I.

If a debit or positive amount has been accumulated in one of the totalizers, and one or more amounts are subtracted so as to leave a credit or negative total in that totalizer, the true amount of the total cannot be printed until the total in the totalizer has been increased by one unit. Similarly, if a credit or negative total be converted into a debit or positive total by the addition of amounts, the correct total cannot be printed without first adding a unit to the total in the totalizer. In other words, in order that the correct total shall be printed it is necessary to introduce a unit into the totalizerirack I25, and will apply the same reference numerals with the exponent a to the like mechanism for the units rack I55.

The units rack I25 is arranged to be supported in normal position by means of a :pawl 252 (Fig. 2) which is pivoted upon a rod 255 andis/arranged to support a stud 254 on said- -rack. 'When the fugitive unit" is to be introduced into one of the totalizers, the pawl 252 ismoved out of engagement with the stud 254 of the units rack, whereupon the spring I54-for said rack moves the rack down one tooth space and thus turns the unitswinion of that totaliser the same distance. The means forthus moving the pawl 252 at the time said totalizer passes through zero comprises two diametrically opposite lugs lugs beingarranged to engage a dog 255.

255 (Fig. 13) on the pinion of highest order, said There ,are two dogs 255, one for each of the totalizers, said dogs engaging the bars 251 and 251', re-

spectively. Each dog 255 is pivotally supported upon one end of a lever 251. The upper lever 251 is pivoted on the rod 255, while the lower lever 251 is mounted on a pivot rod 255. Each lever 251 is rigidlyconnecied to a lever 255 by means of a tie-plate 255. The levers 255 an pivoted on the rods 255 and 255, respectively, and are connected by a link 25I. The upper end of the link 25I has a simple pivotal connection to the upper lever 255, but the lower end of the link has a pin-and-slot connection to the lower lever 255, so that one of said levers may move without moving the other. The levers 251 are connected by a link 25I which is a duplicate 01' 252 connected to each of the dogs 255 acts to turn the associated cradle in the direction to withdraw the pawl 252 from the stud 254. In the following cycle the reset rod 245 engages the links 25I and 25I to restore the pawl 252 and the dog or dogs 255 to normal position.

Let it be assumed that the amount -3" has been accumulated in the upper totalizer by operation of the racks I25, the totalizer being therefore in mesh with the racks I25. The units pinion stands with one of its lugs 242 three spaces below the zero position, the corresponding lugs of the other pinions lying directly beneath the lugs 24I. The diametrically opposite lugs 242 are above the horizontal plane of the lugs 2. Assuming that 5 is to be subtracted, the pinions are first moved out of mesh with the racks I25, and after the units racks have been raised to the position for registering 5", the pinions are moved into mesh with the racks I55, whereupon the units racks descend, the units rack I35 acting to turn the units pinion flve tooth spaces. In'the course of such-turning movement, one of the lugs 242 on I the units wheel is carried into engagement with the end of the lug 24I associated with the tens rack I55, thereby disengaging said lug from the bar 251 and thus allowing said tens rack to descend one tooth space. Said tens rack being in mesh with the tens pinion, the latter is caused to turn through one too'th space, whereby the lug 242 on said tens wheel trips'the lug 2 for the hundreds rack, and so on from pinion to pinion. An impulse is thus transmitted from the units pinion to the pinion of highest order so as to place one of the lugs 242 on all the pinions except the units pinion directly below the normal horizontal plane of the lug 2. The rotation thus imparted to the wheel of highest order serves to depress the dog 255 out of engagement with the bar 251, whereupon the corresponding Y spring 252* moves said dog (as indicated at' the upper left-hand side of Fig. 2) in the direction away from the racks. Since the dog 255' is connected to the pawl 252'- through the cradle- 4 242 will be standing in zero position just below the lugs 2', and the other set of lugs will be standing in- "9" position, just above the horiaon- 'tal plane of the lugs 24!. If it be desired to subtract an amount, this may be done. without first performing a blank or spacing cycle of operations, for the reason that when the totalizer is shifted into mesh with the racks I30, and the amount accumulated on the required pinions, an impulsewill be imparted tothe remaining pinions to move from the 9 position to the zero position. As the pinion of highest order passes from ilfito zero position, power will be transmitted to the units rack-l30 to introduce the fugitive Either totalizer may be used alone or both totalizers may be used at the same time for addition or subtraction. ,The means for determining which totalizer shall be in use or whether both shall be employed includes a slide 280 (Fig. ll mounted on the slide Ill for vertical movement into three positions. The slide 290 is-guided by means of headed studs 28! onthe slide ill, said studs lying within vertically elongated openings 2 282 in the slide 280. On the upper end of the slide 2801s a cam surface 283 adapted tocoact with the forward end of the link Ill, The slide 280 also has a cam surface 28l to coact with the forward end of the link Ill". A contractile spring 285 connected to the link I urges the links Ill and Ill toward the slide 233, and

' places one or the other of the levers 139 and 139 in upright or totalizer-neutral position except when prevented from so doing by the slide 2".

go When the slide 280 is in its lower position, as in Fig. l, the -forward end of the link ill is confined between the lower stud H3 and the vertical rear edge of the slide 283, the link If being thus compelled to move back and forth with the slide Ill; and the lower totalizer being there? by compelled to move into and out of mesh with one or the other set of racks as the slide ill is moved back and forth. The spring 285 holds the forward end of the link ill against the vertical 0 rear edge of the slide 280. The cam surface 233 allowsthe spring 285 to hold the lever 139' in upper-totalizer-neutral position, the upper stud 3 playing freely back and forth in the opening 2 as the slide Ill is reciprocated to mesh 5 and demesh the lower totalizer.

When the slide 280 is in its upper position, the

lower portion of the slide is out of the way of ment of the link Ill.

The means for shifting ,the slide 220 into as.

t i of its three positions comprises a member 298 in .the nature of. abell crank lever, said member beingpivoted on the axis 286*. The member 286 carries a pin 281 that lies in a horizontally elongated notch 289 in the slide 280. The mem- I) her 236 is pivotally connected at 289 to-the rear end of a link 29fl,..th e forward end of which is pivoted at 281 to a bell crank 292 pivoted at 292. One arm of the bell crank 292 is providedwith a finger knob 2Il. In the present embodiment of 2 as the inventionthe lower totalizeris in use for addition, subtraction or total-taking when the iinger-knob .28l is in its upper position. when the finger knob is in central position (asin Fig. 4) both totalizers are in use for addition or subtraction, but a total'inay be taken from the upper totalizer ,o'nLv.

7 When the slide 290 is in its central position, it

exercises no control over the lower totalizer, .as said slide is notched so as to allow the spring 235 I to-hold the link Ill stationaryin the lowertotalizer-idle position. In the reciprocation of the slide lll thelower stud H3 is free to move idly in the slot 2, hence the lower totalizer remains idle, except when a mechanism to be now described comes into play.

In order to place the lower totaiizer in use for addition or subtraction when the slide 290 occupies its central position, I provide means for eliminating lost motion between the link Ill and the slide 1 ll. Said means comprises a mem- 10 her 29! having a portion 296 arranged to be interposed between the lowerstud M3 and a headed stud 221 on the link' I ll. The member 295 has a slot 293 through which the stud 291 extends, the member 285 being thus guided to 15.

move up and down so as to place the portion 296 to a pin 3" on the plate 333. The spring 335 normally holds the.pin 399 against the adjacent edge of the plate 3'2, the plates 332 and 303 thus so normally moving as a'unit. In order yieldingly to hold the member 295 in either of its two positions, and to complete its movement into said positions, I provide a pivoted spring-actuated detent 331 comprising a pin 3 adapted to lie 5 in either of two notches 339 in the plate 392.

To the crank arm composed of the parts 392 and 303 is pivoted at 3|. 9. link 3, the upper end of which is guided for convenience upon a headed screw on the axis l9. The linklll is 40 arranged to be moved up and down to bring the portion 293 (Fig. 1) into and out of 'eifective position by means including a bell crank (see Fig. 6) pivoted in the machine frame to swing on' the pivot 312. Said bell crank comprises an arm 45' one arm of a lever 3" (Fig, 7) which is pivoted to'the arms at m. Atenaion spring :21 stretched between the otherarm of the lever' 318 and a pin' :2: on the arm m normally holds 5 said lever-319 with a stop portion 323 on said lever in contact with thev pin 3|.

Rigid with the arm 313 is an upwardly extending am 324 carrying a dog .12! which isyieldingly held,

against a stop lug m on the arm :24 by a torso sion spring 321. On the lever 19 is a stud 323 to engage" the dog 32! in the downward movement of said stud. In the upward movement of said j stud'the dog 32l is free to yield to allow the stud 323'to pass. without causing movement of the '65 bell crank 3l3-32l.

It will be seen that the stud 323 is ada'ptedto cause upward movement of the link 3 for the purpose of withdrawing the portion, 29l'irom between the studs "3 and 291, andthat the stud 7o '3." is arranged to cause downward movement of the link .3 for the'purpose of inserting the portion 298 between-the studs.ll3 and 291 and thus bringing the lower totalizer into use. However, the studs '3" and 323 mustnot be allowed control of the lower totalizer.

. to exercise control over the lower totalizer when said totalizer should remain idle, as when only the upper totalizer is to be used. I therefore provide means to deprive the studs 3I3 and 323 of In the present instance, said means includes a latch 323 (Fig. 5) pivoted at 333 and adapted to engage a notch 33I in the link 3. The latch 323 is yieldingly .connected to an operating rod 332 by means of a 'spring333- that tends to hold the latch against a collar 334 on the rod. The forward end of the rod is pivoted on a stud 333 on an arm 333 which is pivoted at 331. A contractile spring 333 tends to swing the arm 333 rearwardly so as to push the latch 323 away from the link 3i i.

The lower tctalizer is idle in two cases, namely, when the totalizer-selecting lever 234 is in its lower position (in which the upper totalizer only 31 is in use) and when the totalizer-selecting lever is in its lower or middle position and a total is being taken from the upper totalizer.

Means is provided for holding the latch 323 in engagement with the link 3I I when the totalizerselecting leveris in its lower position, which means comprises a cam arm 333(Fig. 5) aring close to the stud 333.

ranged to be moved by a stud 343 on thebell crank 232, The cam arm 333 is fixed upon one end of a transverse pivot shaft 3. On the other end of said shaft is an arm 342 (Fig. 5) extend- When the totalizeb selecting lever is swung to its lower position, the arm 342 draws the rod 332 forward against the tension of the springs 333 and 333. If the latch 323 is not already in engagement with the notch 353, it slips into said notch when the link is raised by theoperation of the stud 323 against the dog 323. The member 233 is thus locked in its down position (Figs. land The spring 233 then holds the lower totalizer in idle or neutral position. a

When the totalizer-selecting lever 234 is in its central position, the arm 342 stands far enough away from the stud 333 so as not to interfere with .the action of the spring 333 that throws out the latch 323.

When the totalizer-selecting lever 234 is in its. central position and a total is to be taken from the upper totalizer, the latch. 323 must be actuated to lock the member 233 in its down po-- 0 sition, so that the lower totalizer shall remain idle. This result is attained in the present embodiment of the invention by making use of the :slide bar I33 that serves to restore the differential stops to initial position, asfully explained in the '55. slindstl'and *Patent N0. 1,198,487, dated Septemher 19, 1316. 'Risid with the arm 333 (Fig. 5) is an arm 343 having a cam portion 344 that is held depressed by the roller "3 on the slide bar m when the latter is in its forward position. so When a digit is set upin the keyboard, the slide bar I33 is moved rearwardly far enough to withdraw the roller I33 from the cam portion 344,

thus permitting the spring 333 to: withdraw the.

latch 323, and thus allowing the member 233 to I as function, and permitting accumulation (i. e., ad-

7 dition or subtraction) in the lower totallzer. When a total is to be taken the slide bar I33 is always in its forward position, hence the latch -323isheld asainstthelinkfllinreadinessto 7o slip into the notch 33I during the blank or spacing cycle that precedes the total-taking cycle and therefore the stud 323 is prevented from raising the member 233 into operative position, and the lower totalizer remains idle while the total con- '1 tainedintheuppertotaliaerisbeingprinted.

It will be seen that the latch 323 issensitive to the characterof the operation to be performed. Whenanitemissetuptobeaccumulated,the latch is rendered ineffective, thus allowing both totalizers to be used, whereas when a total is to be taken from the upper totaliaer or a blank cycle is to be performed the latch is effective to prevent the lower totalizer from being conditioned for use.

Means is provided for preventing the totalixer selecting lever 232 from being shifted from any depressed. Means of any preferred character, as, for example, that fully disclosed in said Sundstrand Patent No. 1,946,505, may be employed to lock the total key in depressed position. The

means hereinshown is similar to that disclosed in said patent. To the key stem 233 is fixed the of its positions after the total key 233 has been finger 231 that overlies the arm I32. The forward end of the arm I 32 has two notchs 333 and 3" in its lower edge.

0n the upwardly extending arm of the bell crank 232 is a stud 332. .When

said bell crank is in its central position, the stud 332 lies directly below the notch 333. Depression of the total key causes the notched portion 333 to be placed in engagement with the stud 332,

thus preventing movement of the tctalizer-select- 2 ing lever 232 until after the total has been taken. When said lever is in its upper position, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1-, the stud 332 is directly below the notch 33I, and thus will be engaged by said notch when the total key is depressed.

Similarly, when the lever 232 is inits lower position, the stud 332 is in such position that depression of the "total key will place the front edge 333 directly behind said stud and thus-prevent the totalizer-selecting lever from being raised.

To prevent the totalizer-selecting lever 232 from being shifted afterthe h'andle II has been pulled and until the handle has returned to its Y normal position, means such as that disclosed in my Patent'No. 1,975,774 may be employed.

Referring now more particularly to the means for controlling the machine during negative operations, i. e., subtraction and the taking of credit totals. Such control necessitata the shifting of the links- I and HI into position to engagethe upper pins I33 and I33 on the levers I33 and I33. It will be seen that such shifting of the'links will cause shifting of the field of reciprocation of the totalizers so that each moves into and out of mesh with a different set of racks from that with which it coacts when the links I and Ill are in their lower position. It maybe here noted that the links I and HI tend to assume their lower position.

. The means for shifting the links I4I and I4I' from the addition and podtive-total plane to thesubtraction and credit-total plane comprises a lever 334 (Fig. 12) pivoted at 333 in the machine frame andhavinga forked rear end which en- 88868 a pin 333 on the link Ill", The lever I has a downwardly extending arm carrying a ment. A contractile spring 383 normally holdsthe subtraction key elevated. On the stem 362 is a pin 364 that overlies a forwardly extending arm 385 pivoted on the axis I83. The forward end of said arm is arranged to be engaged by the latch finger I94. Rigid with the arm 385 is an upwardly extendingarm 361 having an angular end adapted to overlie a pin 368 onthe stem 352 when the arm 365 is held by the latch I94. Rigid with the arm 365 is a downwardly extending arm 369 to which the forward endof the link 359 is pivoted. A contractile spring'319 connected to the arm 369 tends to draw said arm forward and thus lower, the links "I and I4I'to the addition and debit-total position. When the subtraction key is depressed the arm 369 is latched by the finger I94 against actuation by the spring 319;

thus the'subtraction key'is held depressed and the'link 359 is held in its rearward position, so that through the medium of the lever 354 and spring 369 the links MI and HI are maintained in their upper position.

. For the sake of simplicity, .I will describe the process of adjusting the machine for subtraction in the upper totalizer, although the process would be the same were either or both totalizers in use.

If an item-is to be subtractedin the upper totalizer, the subtraction key' 36I. is depressed after the item has been set up, thereby pushing the link 359 'rearwardly and thus moving the rear end wall of the elongated openingf358 away from the stud 351. (The movement imparted to'the link 359 is'slightly greater than is necessary to raise the lever 354). When-the handle 21 -is pulled, the slide I44 is drawn forward,-as before explained to withdraw the upper totalizer from the racks I29 before the latter rise. The forward movement of the link I causes the lever I39 to handle, the latch finger I94 is disengaged from the arm 365, but the spring 319 cannot pull the lever 354 down, because'the surface a: of the link I rests upon the pin I51. However, the disengagement of the latch finger I94 from the arm 365' allows the springs 369 and 319 to swing the arm 361 rearwardly just far enough to release the pm '368, whereupon the spring 363 restores the subtraction key to its normal position.

If the next item is to be subtracted the subtraction key is again depressed and the same cycle of operations performed. If, however, the next item is to be added, the following operations ensue. When the handle is pulled forwardto accumulate the item, the lever.'l39 is turned to upright position, whereupon the spring 319, act

ing through the arm 369, the link, 359, the rear end wall of the opening 358, the stud 351, and

the lever 354, moves the link I down so as to place the notch bin engagement with the pin I51. At. the beginning of the return stroke of the handle theglink I4Iis pushed rearwardly by the cam I6I, whereby the lever I33 isswung in the direction to place the pinions in mesh with the racks I29. Q

- When there is 'a credit balance (or negative total oroverdraft) in one. of theztotaliurs, and

said total is to be printed, it is necessary that the totalizer be prevented from moving (at the conclusion of the blank or spacing stroke) into mesh with the racks used in positive operations of said totalizer. This result could be effected by holding the subtraction key depressed during the spacing stroke. Inasmuch, however, as the operator may i not know that the total is negative, means is provided for automatically conditioning the computing mechanism for the printing of a negative total. For manufacturing reasons it is convenientv to arrange the last mentioned means to operate through the means which is provided in crosstabulating machines for automatically setting the computing mechanism to perform subtraction. The last mentioned means comprises a member 315 (Fig. 15) in the nature of a lever pivoted at 316 and 311 in the right-hand portion of the machine frame. Said lever has a lower arm 318 (Fig. 16) adapted to engage -a lug 319 on the link 359. The member 315 oscillates inv every cycle of the machine, but the link 359 is sometimes held against movement, hence the end of the arm 318 which engages the lug 319 is made capable of yielding, as shown in Fig, 16. The operative portion 389 of the arm 318 is pivoted at 38I and is held in normal position by a spring 382. This position is determined by contact of a 1.118 383 on the part 389 with the edge of the arm 318.

The member 315 also comprises-an upper arm 384 (Fig. 15) having a forked end which engages a pin 385 on the right-hand lever I9 (Fig. 1). It will be seen that the arm 318 will'be oscillated every time the handle 21 is operated. Inorder that said arm shall engage the lug 319 only when the computing mechanism is to be set for subtraction or credit-total taking, the member 315 is mounted for vertical movement, gravity normally holding said member in its lower position (wherein the inner end 389 of the arm 318 is below the horizontal plane of the lug 319). Means is provided for automatically raising said member 315 toplace the inner end of the arm 318 in the horizontal plane of the lug 319. Said raising means comprises a forwardly extending arm 386 (Fig. 3) pivoted in the machine frame at 381 and underlying a stud 388 on the member 315. Rigid with thearm is a downwardly extending arm 389 to which the rear end of a link 399 is pivoted. Totheforward end of the. link 399 is attached a contractile spring "I (Fig. l) which tends to pull the link 389 forward and thus raise the arm 386" and hence the member 315 so as to place the arm 318in position to set. the computing mechanism for the printing of a negative total. When an amount is-set up by depression of one or more of the numeral keys, the spring 39I is prevented from drawing the link 399 forward,by means of a stop finger 392 (Fig. 1*) fixed to the right-hand end of the rock shaft I95, inasmuch asthe spring I91 (Fig, 5) turns said shaft so as to raise'the stop finger 382 into the path of a lug 393 on the link 398. when no amount is set up in the key-- board (as is the case whena total is to be printed) the roller stud I18 (Fig. 5).holds the stop finger 392 down out of thepath of the lug 393,,

the spring "I being then restrained by reason v of the fact that a roller stud 394 (Figs. 3, 4

and 15) mounted on the axis"23' normally lies 7 in front of- 9. lug 395 on the arm 389; When the handle is drawn forward to effect printing of the total, the-roller stud 394 moves forward, thus allowing the spring "I to draw the link- 399 forward, and thus lifting the arm 3.18 (Fig. 15) and themember 389, sothat. in the-swinging movement of the lever 915 the link 059 is pushed rearwardly against a stop 395 (Fig. 16), whereby the selected totalizer is placed or maintained in position to printa negative total.

When the. selected totalizer contains a positive total, the spring 39l must be prevented from acting, this result being automatically effected by the means to be now described.

Two independent stop arms 99' (Figs. 3, 15 and.

16) are pivoted in the machine frame in parallel relation at 391. Each stop arm has a shoulder 390 adapted to be raised into position in front of a finger 399 on the arm 309 and thus restrain the spring 39L Each stop arm is associated with one of the totalizers, and its position depends upon the nature of the total accumulated in its totalizer, the arm being in its upper position when there is a positive total in its totalizer, and being in its lower (ineffective) position when the total is negative. Motion is transmitted from each lever 251, 251 (Fig. 13) to the associated stop arm 396 by means of a link 400 having elongated openings 00! to receive headed studs 402 on the levers 251, 251. The rear end of the upper link 000 is pivotally connected to an arm 403 (Figs. 2 and 13) which is pivoted at 004 in the machine frame. Rigid with the arm 403 is an arm 405 to which is fixed a bar 000 that is pivoted to the rear end of one of the stop arms 395 (see Fig. 16).

The lower link 400 (Fig.2) has a pin-and-slot ample, that disclosed in the Sundstrand Patent connection with a lever I01 pivoted at 009 in the machine frame. Said lever has a pin-and-slot connection with a lever 409 pivoted in the machineframe at 0. The upper end of the lever 409 has a pin-and-slot connection with an arm all which is pivoted on the axis 000. The arm MI is integral with a bar l2 which is pivoted to the rear end ofthe other stop arm 390.

Referring to Fig. 2: When the dog 250" is tripped to introduce the fugitive unit into the upper totalizer at a time when the latter passes fromthe positive to the negative condition, the upper link 400 is pushed rearwardly (the stud and slot connection preventing interference with the dog 256) thereby lowering the associated stop arm 396, and thus leaving the spring 09! free to function in a subsequent total-taking cycle. If addition subsequently occurs and the upper totalizer passes from the negative to the positive condition, the dog 250 will be tripped to introduce the fugitive unit, thereby pushing the upper link 400 forward and thus raising the associated stop arm 390 into position to restrain the spring 09L The lower link I00 functions in a similar manner to control the spring 39L but is pushed forward when the lower totalizer passes from the positive to the negative condition, and is pushed rearwardly when the lower totalizer passes through zero in the opposite direction.

The stop arms 390 are yieldingly held in adjusted position by means of spring actuated detents M5 and 6 (Figs. 13 and 13). The detent 5 associated with the upper totalizer is like the detent 1094 disclosed in the Bundstrand application Serial No. 118,628. The detent 0 associated with the lower totalizer engages the lever 501.

The finger 399 (Fig. 4) is adjustable into position to coact with the stop arm 396 which is associated with the totalizer from which the total is to be taken. Said finger is pivoted 'to the arm 309 on the axis 025 and is held in adjusted position by means of a spring-actuated detent 420. Fixed to the finger 399 is a pin 021 that exlower end of said pivot shaft is fixed an arm I bell crank 205 (Fig. 1)

tends into a slot 420 (Fig. 3) in a finger 429 fixed to the upper end of a pivot shaft 430. To the means of a link 2 to the at 209. when the totalizer-selecting lever 292 is adjusted to its upper position to select the lower totalizer, the finger 399 will be swung into position directly behind the. outer stop arm 390; when the lever 292 is adjusted to its lower position to select the upper totalizer, the finger 399 is swunginto place behind the inner stop arm 296; and when the lever 292 is set in midpositionto bring both totalizers into use the finger 399 is also in position to engage the inner stop arm 090. It will be remembered that when the lever 292 is in midposition the lower totalizer cannot be used for totaltaking, as the latch 329 (Figs. 5 and 8) prevents the interponent 290 (Fig. 1) from coming into use, but a total may be taken from the upper totalizer, as the control slide 200 (Fig. 1) is then in position to take up lost motion between the slide I and the link Ill; made of such width and form as to be capable of engaging the inner stop arm 090 when the lever 292 is in midposition as well as when said lever is in upper-totalizer position. Thus if a credit total is to be taken from either totalizer, the latter is automatically conditioned for a negative totaling operation.

Means of any preferred character, as, for exwhich is connected by No, 1,946,505, may be employed to print symbols or signals to denote the nature of the various cycles of operations which may be performed. As shown in Fig. 9, added items are distinguished from subtracted items; the totaliaer in which the item has been entered is indicated; and debit totals are differentiated from credit totals.

Any desired means may be used to cause imprints to be made in contrasting colors. Referring to Fig. 9, totals are distinguished from added orsubtracted items by being printed in a different color.

While I have described the present embodiment of the invention in considerable detail, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to such details, but that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of appended claims.

Unless qualified, the term total is used in the claims to denote either a subtotal or a final total.

I claim as my invention:

1. A computing machine having, in combination, two adding and subtracting totalizers, each having means for automatically introducing a fugitive unit, a single mechanism for taking totals from said totalizers, means for determining from which totalizer the total shall be taken, and means under the control of said determining means for automatically conditioning the selected ltotaliaer for the taking of a said totalizer contains a negative total.

2. A computing machine having, in combination, two adding and subtracting totalizers, each having means for automatically introducing a fugitive unit, means for taking totals from said totalizers, means for automatically conditioning a selected totalizer for the taking of a negative total when such selected totalizer contains such a total, and manually operable means for placing said conditioning means under the control of the selected totalizer.

3. A computingmachine having, in combinahence the finger 399 isthe invention defined in thenegative total when conditioned for positive operations; automatic mechanism which tends to condition the totaliz ers'for negative totalling operations. two devices, each sensitive to the positive or negative character of the total in a certain one of the totalizers, for restraining said automatic conditioning mechanism when the total is positive, and means for placing said automatic conditioning means under the control of a selected one of said devices.

4. A computing machine having, in combination, two algebraic totalizers, each having means for automatically introducing the fugitive unit, means for taking totals from said totalizers, means independent of the total-taking means for determining from which totalizer the total shall be taken, and means under the control of said determining means for automatically conditioning the selected totalizer for the taking of a negative total when said totalizer contains a negative total.

5. A computing machine having, in combination, two algebraic totalizers, each having means for automatically introducing the fugitive unit, means including a single subtotal key and a single final total key for taking totals from either of said totalizers, means for determining from which totalizer the total shall be taken, and means under the control of said determining means for automatically conditioning the selected totalizer for the taking of a negative total when said totalizer contains a negative total.

6. A computing machine having, in combination, two algebraic totalizers, each having means for automatically introducing the fugitive unit, means including a single final total key for taking totals from either of said totalizers, means for determining from which totalizer the total shall be taken, and means under the control of said determining means for automatically conditioning the selected totalizer for the taking of a negative total when said totalizer contains a negative total.

7. A computing machine having, in combinalatter mechanism to enter are 11531 tion, two algebraic totalizers which tendto'be 0 tion, two algebraic totalizers, means for selecting one or the other for total taking, a single mechanism for taking a total from the selected totalizer, and a single mechanism operating during a total taking operation for automatically conditioning the selected totalizer for a negative totaling oper-- ation when said totalizer contains a negative total.

8. A computing machine having, in combination, two algebraic totalizers, mechanism operating during a total taking cycle for automatically conditioning either totalizer for negative totaling when such totalizer contains a negative total, two devices, one for each totalizer, for controlling the conditioning mechanism, and means for placing the conditioning mechanism under the control of a selected one of said devices.

9. A calculating machine having amount determining diflerential mechanism, two registers each capable of addition or subtraction whereby either may reach a positive or negative condition, a "fugitive 1" mechanism operable to selectively enter a "fugitive 1" in either register, means for conditioning certain elements of said machine to selectively perform calculations in either register, and means controlling said "fugitive 1 mechanism in accordance with the conditioning of said machine to cause it to automatically and selectively enter a fugitive 1 in the register in which calculations are performed.

. 10. In a machine of the class described, two registers, differential actuating mechanism. for adding and subtracting thereon, whereby either register may reach a positive or negative condition, means controlling the co-operation between the registers and the actuating mechanism to enable accumulation in either register selectively, a "fugitive 1 mechanism, and means enabling the a "fugitive 1 in the register in which accumulation is being performed.

WALTER A. ANDERSON. 

